一、定冠词的用法
定冠词the 有this, that, these, those等意思,用于单数或复数名词前。主要用来特指,使一个或几个事物区别于所有其他同名的事物。
1、指前文已经提到过的人或事物。如:
I wrote an article. The article was about physics.
2、指说话人都知道的人或事物。如:
Please close the door before you leave.
Let’s go to the classroom.
3、名词有定语修饰时,须用定冠词the,表示特指意义。如:
The book on the desk is his.
The teacher who talked with you is her mother.
4、用于世界上独一无二的事物前。如:
the sun the moon the earth the sky the world
5、用在序数词前面表示顺序。如:
I live on the fourth floor.
My mother is always the first one to come and the last one to leave.
6、与其他词连用,构成固定词组。如:
on the left in the north in the front of
7、在表示乐器名称的名词之前用定冠词。如:
the piano the violin
8、用在形容词或副词的最高级前面。如:
This was the most interesting voyage we had ever had.
He is the tallest of us.
9、用在形容词前面,表示复数意义的某一类人或事物。如:
the rich the poor the young the living
the new the right the true the beautiful
10、在表示江河、山脉、海湾、海峡、沙漠等专用名词之前加定冠词。如:
the Changjiang River the Nile
the Alps the Himalayas
11、用在年代、朝代、时代名词前。如:
the Qin Dynasty the Ming Dynasty
in the 50’s the spring period
12、和表示姓氏名词的复数形式连用,表示某姓氏一家人或夫妇二人。如:
the Lis the Martins
二、不用冠词的情况
1、除一些特殊情况外,专用名词以及抽象名词和物质名词前不加冠词。如:
Man is mortal.
Miss Smith came in power at last.
2、当名词前已有this, that, my, his, any, every, some, no, those, these等词修饰时或有所有格修饰时,不必加冠词。如:
She is my sister.
This article you had written is very wonderful.
3、在交通工具、学科名称等名词前不加冠词。如:
by plane by boat Chinese Physics
4、在节日、假日、星期、月份、季节等名词前不加冠词。如:
National Day May Day
Autumn January
5、在一日三餐、体育类等名词前不加冠词。如:
He prefers milk and egg for breakfast.
He preferred to play football and I’d rather play tennis.
6、在唯一的职务、头衔的名词前不加冠词。如:
He is elected manager of our company.
People elected him president of that country last year.
7、在报纸标题、图像说明、文章题目、标志、广告前不加冠词。如:
Worker’s Mind
Notes on the Study of Hong Lou Meng
8、在一些固定词组中不加冠词。如:
at home by mistake learn by heart
at first at last at once
by sea day and night